Authentic Education
Authentic educators espouse the idea that learners should become “cognitive apprentices” in the fields that they study. In order to learn to about the weather, we should learn to use meteorological tools. In learning math, we should learn to think like mathematicians. A music class should teach us how make music, and in reading we learn to think about texts the way that good readers do.
Implied in authentic learning are important constructivist and experiential concepts: that learning should be centered around real tasks that students can experience; that learning should be guided with carefully gauged amounts of teacher support; that students should work together in their explorations, and that students have access to the necessary resources to pursue meaningful problems and solutions.
| Constructivism
Constructivism as a theory of learning focuses on each learner as a unique individual and acknowledges that the personal experiences and situation of each learner will affect his or her learning. This variation is embraced as positive. Instructors are seen as facilitators or guides in the learning process. Learning is active and social, and learning experiences are designed so that students can learn on their own, from their peers, and from other members of the community as well as their teachers.
Just as each learner is shaped by his or her background and experiences, learning needs to occur in a specific context. Just as the world presents itself in multidisciplinary ways, learning should cross disciplines. Skilled teachers present their learners with real-life tasks that capture their intrinsic motivation, require them to make connections, and allow them just enough challenge to both facilitate success and stretch their capabilities.
| Experiential Learning
Experiential learning describes learning in which the learner is actively involved in a learning experience. The experience must require the learner to use decision-making, analytical, and other problem-solving skills to participate in the experience. Finally, the learner must reflect on their own processes and growth in the course of the learning experience.
Experiential learning focuses on addressing the intellectual curiosities of a learner or group of learners. It also stresses the importance of a positive learning experience and includes project-based learning, service learning, discovery learning, and outdoor education.
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